Management of Heart Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The board of Heart Failure - Essay Example Hypertension may prompt cardiovascular breakdown. It expands the heart’s outstanding burden henceforth brings about hypertrophy of cardiovascular muscle filaments. The filling of the heart is disabled during diastole. The hypertrophied ventricle neglects to contract in the end and cardiovascular breakdown results. The nursing intercession executed to forestall cardiovascular disappointment for this situation is the organization of the antihypertensive drug to control circulatory strain and keep up it inside typical for the hypertensive patient. Another condition that may prompt heart disappointment is myocardial localized necrosis. It alludes to the cell and the putrefaction of the heart muscle tissue and it is irreversible that happens because of delayed ischemia. The contractility of the muscle is lost in the influenced areas. In the event that the influenced locales are enormous inconveniences emerge and incorporate heart disappointment. The proper nursing intercession to f orestall movement to cardiovascular breakdown is by guaranteeing that the patient gets enough rest, organization of stool conditioners to forestall stressing, and giving of analgesics and the recommended prescription as requested. The medical attendant ought to likewise demand that the patient should stop smoking. It alludes to the aggravation that happens in the cardiovascular muscle because of viral contamination as a rule. The nursing intercessions that should be actualized to forestall cardiovascular breakdown incorporate the organization of the recommended prescription as requested planned for rewarding the condition for instance the steroids to battle the fiery procedure.

Management in Egypt Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The executives in Egypt - Research Paper Example The degree to which an individual can be acceptable as a director is affected by a great deal of components that incorporate however are not restricted to age, area, religion, culture, sex, understanding and information. One of the most huge and powerful among these variables is the way of life that a chief has a place with. Culture sets the standards, patterns and conventions whereupon all strategic policies in a specific area base. So as to maintain an effective business, it is basic that the chief completely comprehends and agrees to the necessities of the way of life that wins in the zone wherein the business is led. There are a few social factors that upgrade an individual’s capacity to deal with the work. In like manner, there are numerous variables of social importance that decay the individual’s capacity to oversee. For instance, a culture that is open towards outside impacts and components may make it exceptionally simple for a supervisor to execute inventive a nd imaginative thoughts in a business setting. Then again, such a culture may effortlessly free the natural integrity of the strategic approaches as they offer space to outside components. In this way, so as to be fruitful as a supervisor in a specific culture, it is prudent to complete a profound investigation of the way of life and study its attributes that may improve or decay the qualification of a person as a chief. This paper targets talking about the positive and negative impacts of the Egyptian culture upon the board. The board in Egyptian culture: Egypt has a proper set up of business, and there are a ton of prerequisites of intercultural the board. So as to satisfy the necessities of the intercultural the board, directors should be affable to their greatest limit constantly. Individuals in force and authority should be managed most extreme regard and respect. Ordinarily, the training includes an Egyptian operator who expect the job of a go between an administrator and anot her expert, whose fundamental undertaking is to mastermind arrangements. For a person who has business in two distinct urban communities in Egypt at once, it is prudent to save two unique specialists for each so matters can be tended to with full convention. Specialists for business can be got from the â€Å"commercial attache of the Egyptian Embassy in your nation, the business area of your country’s international safe haven in Egypt, or the Egyptian Department of Commerce† (kwintessential). Custom is the key quality of business in Egypt. At the point when individuals meet each other, tea or espresso is normally served and is accepted as an image of neighborliness. The drink an individual proposals in the business in Egypt speaks to the person face to face. In this way, if the individual who is offered the drink doesn't acknowledge it, he/she basically dismisses the offer producer. So as to show cordiality and consent to the necessities of morals, it is necessary for the visitor to take at any rate a taste, if not drink the entire cup. Egyptians place a great deal of accentuation on an individual’s looks and the manner in which he conducts himself. In the Egyptian culture, individuals are decided by their appearances. Supervisors are basically individuals in power, so they ought to create and keep up a high status. In this manner, all together for a person to be effective and regarded as a director, it is basic that he introduces himself in a profoundly proficient manner and makes remain in some global inn of outrageous norm. Additionally, chiefs in Egypt don't separate between their own and expert life. Both go one next to the other and frequently converge into one another. Directors will in general help their subordinates in all parts of the activity. Chiefs

4 Reasons Your Company Needs a Brand Ambassador Program

4 Reasons Your Company Needs a Brand Ambassador Program Your company may not be doing very well. Not only are your sales low, several customer service mishaps have greatly affected your business. Some customers caused drama at your store while others turned to social media to shame you.Now your competitors are reaping from your misfortunes.Your company urgently needs to get back into the game. Not only do you have a business to protect, but also some lives to sustain. Employees need their monthly salaries. Creditors need to be paid on time. New customers need to be treated well while the existing ones expect the consistent availability of great products.Your company should by now have ventured into new markets but hasn’t. Employees were to get great perks as part of their benefits but this is yet to happen. You are not even sure about it happening. Your focus is currently on turning things aroundâ€"fast.Although your marketing team does a good job, you need more than they are delivering. You need leads to be converted and sales to be cl osed. But just how do you get all that at a time when things aren’t working according to your plans?You will be happy to know that there is a marketing tactic which can help you get back on track. It is called a brand ambassador program.This is a program where you enroll one or more individuals to help you achieve your marketing goals.This articles discusses the different types of brand ambassador programs and tells you what situations call for them to be used for marketing.WHO EXACTLY IS A BRAND AMBASSADOR?A brand ambassador is someone who your company chooses to represent it. His main duty is to speak positively about your brand and inform people about your products or services.Typically, brand ambassadors are influential people in the society. They have a big following and their words and actions are easily embraced by those they influence. Though brand ambassadors used to be celebrities, that has gradually changed.They can be anyone who has enough influence to move people towa rds making certain decisions. They also need to embody the ideals of your brand.What do they do?Brand ambassadors are tasked with marketing your products and services. As such, they are an arm of your marketing team. Marketing has evolved over time and brand ambassadors provide a very necessary aspect of marketingâ€"the human aspect.Let’s face it. Most marketing today is digital.From emails, text messages to online posts on Facebook, Twitter and other social media platforms. Most emails are generally ignored and they end up cluttering the recipient’s inbox. In fact, many of your marketing emails may be getting marked as spam.If your emails are labeled as spam by enough people, you will soon be in bigger problems than you know. One major problem you may face comes when your email server gets blacklisted. When this happens, your company will not be able to send any email to other companies. This will greatly affect your business and youll have to stop everything else to deal with that.Providing the human aspect to your marketing campaigns is crucial. People identify with other people more than with mere marketing material. If you just send text messages or emails to someone who is at work, he may be too busy to read them. If you send them while he’s at home, he may be too tired to read them. If however this person hears the person he follows talk about you, he will most likely pay attention.Brand ambassadors also represent your company in various settings. For example, there may be a community event in a location where your company is not currently operating in.Or your company simply had not planned to showcase anything there. Your brand ambassador may put up a desk to promote you. If that is not possible, he may receive from you materials like pamphlets and brochures to distribute.Why do they do it?Brand ambassadors do what they do to increase your market reach. They advocate for your brand so that you are able to reach new customers and maintain the curr ent ones.If your organization is a not-for-profit, then their efforts will be to get more people to partner with you.All brand ambassadors start in either of two ways:Volunteers â€" these commonly start as your customers. They have bought your products, love them and are now loyal fans. Out of their love for your products, they spread the news of how they have changed their lives. They share this information, not so that you notice them but just to enlighten those they love. Their intention is to make those close to them become aware of a better product in the market. Others may not necessarily be your loyal customers. They may just identify with what your company stands for, your values and what you do in the community. As a result, they help increase the awareness of your brand.Hired marketers â€" these may or may not have had any prior interaction with your company. They are picked from a list of preferable brand ambassadors and enlightened on your products. They then leverage th eir networks to create awareness and advocate for what you sell. They are usually highly influential people especially on the online platforms. They have developed an authoritative voice which shapes people’s opinions. What they say is believed and they easily move people to take action.Brand ambassadors work to get you more visibility. This visibility then results in whatever you want to achieve. If you want more sales, then that’s what you will get. If you want registrations for your event, they will push for that.If you want financial contributions for a worthy cause, they will help you with that. It is all about what you want to achieve.Generally, they come between you and the society to create a good impression of your company. When you are painted in positive light, you are able to achieve your goals more easily.Are they paid?All brand ambassadors are paid marketers in the sense that they either get a regular pay from your company or some negotiated benefits. Even those wh o start as volunteers, if they get enrolled into your company’s official brand ambassador’s program, they will enjoy some form of benefit.What they get and how they get it is agreed upon when enrolling them. Remember that you are getting access to their networks for marketing. This is guaranteed to generate more revenue for you. Especially when it comes to those already established with a huge following.There may be different kinds of payments or negotiated benefits:Regular paychecks â€" your brand ambassadors are working for you. It is only fair that you recognize their efforts and give them a regular pay as agreed. You may incorporate them into your payroll system or issue them with checks at the end of the month.Fixed discounts on purchases â€" you can decide to be giving your brand ambassadors a percentage discount every time they purchase your products. This is a great money saver and will be embraced easily.Regular gifts â€" these will mainly be freebies of some of your pr oducts. Depending on your agreement, they may be given on every special day. These include birthdays, anniversaries, Christmas, Easter etc.You can also give them priorities in sampling new products before releasing them into the market. This will make them feel special and can also work well for some.TYPES OF BRAND AMBASSADOR PROGRAMSThere are different types of brand ambassadors. They vary in who they are, their networks and the agreements you have with them. Which one you choose depends on the needs of your company.You will do well to know which one is the best for the situation your company is in.Student brand ambassador programsThese programs target the young people and therefore, use students to reach their fellow students. The students may be in college, high school or in any age group. They may even be kids in elementary school.This obviously is not for every company but for those whose product or service targets this market.At the same time, your company may have decided to increase its market share. With that goal in mind, you may need to think of the young people as the drivers of that increase. The millennials have been known to be very promising consumers.Depending on what you offer, the first step will be for you to customize your product for your target market. After that, seek out some popular students who will run the show on the ground. For example, you can approach a school and engage it so as to sponsor the sports team.You can then provide samples of your products. As people sample them during a sports event, you have a stand where questions are asked and more information is provided. Purchases may be made at discounted prices too. As long as your product is great, you will definitely attract more long-term customers.The best example of a student brand ambassador program is the one run by Red Bull. Their program called Wings Team operates by employing young people who promote the drink mainly by giving free samples. Whereas those enrolled in the program enjoy every bit of it, the company is also enjoying the increased revenue.How?Red Bull gets to be known as the most common energy drink. If it is the most common, doesn’t that mean it’s great? You can be sure that someone looking for an energy drink is very likely to buy Red Bull.For some inspiration, watch this video to see how it all happens. Affiliate brand ambassador programsAffiliate brand ambassadors are people or companies which have their own businesses but endorse you in the course of their operations. It may be just a mention or a passionate advocacy for your products. Whichever way they do it, they are telling their customers or members that they can rely on your products.It is important to note that these are not the typical affiliate marketers whose primary job is to promote your goods. These are people or companies who have their own businesses which they run. As they run their businesses however, they give you some relevant credit.For example, if you sell web hosting space, one of your customers who runs an online store may speak well of your services. In so doing, they are simply saying that the reason their online store is always running smoothly is because of your great services. This positive review will make anyone thinking of starting an online store come to you.Although there are those who do this without much thought of it, you will benefit more if you recognized their efforts. If they are influential enough, you will notice customers telling you that they got to know about you through them. Your social media accounts as well as website may also experience increased activity as a result of the new fans.Recognizing affiliate brand ambassadors mostly takes the form of giving them a commission on the sales which they bring your way. You can decide that for every customer referred by them, they will get a percentage of the purchase value. This becomes an incentive for them to actively send people to your stores or website.If you are looking for something different from sales, then you will have to tailor their commission accordingly. For example, if you want registrations for a paid online course, you can offer the course to your affiliate brand ambassadors for free.Requirement-driven brand ambassador programsNormally, the people selected for such programs are influential in a certain demographic. Whatever industry they are in, their content engagement rates are high.Many people interact with the content they create or share.Therefore, when they share content about your products, you are bound to receive attention.The brand ambassadors in these programs are given very specific tasks to perform. Those tasks are usually tied to certain timelines.The agreements entered into with these individuals will have strict KPIs by which to gauge the success of the program. To facilitate smooth operations, your company will supply all the necessary information so as to ensure your products are understood.Since these are people who have developed themselves for marketing purposes, you will find that they are able to bring in results very quickly. In most cases, they are experienced in building brands and have developed unique ways of achieving their goals.Of all the different brand ambassador programs, this may be the most expensive to run. This is because the people you are engaging are experts in their own fields with knowledge and experience on how to go about their duties.Though expensive, this program also offers predictable returns quite quickly. Considering that these individuals have built themselves up, they have cultivated their following.They are brands in their own right and have worked on themselves to ensure they rank highly in their niche. As a result, the deliverables may come in faster than expected.Employee brand ambassador programsMany companies do not think much about their employees when it comes to marketing. They however lose a lot because employees understand the company ’s products perfectly. If you are a manufacturer, your employees know exactly what goes into the product.If you offer a service, they are able to explain the process and even show how your service stands out from the competition.Although they may not necessarily speak from a customer’s point of view, they are best placed to show the superiority of your product. As such, your employees could be your best brand ambassadors.These programs are started with full focus on the employees. You should however not force them into it. If there are those interested, they are the ones to work with. They should be driven by passion as much as they stand to gain some other benefits.You should train your employee brand ambassadors on what exactly to say, do, where to go etc. If you have different target markets to be reached, separate and train them accordingly.Brand ambassadors market you best when what you sell fits into their normal lifestyles. If your products don’t fit into the lifestyles of your employees but they want to be ambassadors, then train them on the kind of demeanor to exhibit.This will enable them reach those targeted and bring you success.Informal brand ambassador programsYou should look at all your customers as brand ambassadors. Since you cannot have formal agreements with all of them, you will put them into this kind of program. These customers are those who casually talk about your products to their friends.Much of what they say is by word of mouth. Occasionally, they may also share your stories online. Since it is not their normal business, you will have to motivate them to talk some more to their networks.How do you do this?By engaging them through your marketing team, mostly via social media.You will need to consistently provide interesting material for them to interact with. From pictures, infographics to blog content. The important thing here is that the content has to be interesting. It has to be so interesting that they can’t help but just share it out.When this continues, you will have them hooked and as they enjoy your content, they will invite their friends into it too.Still on your marketing team, you should have people who are always online to chat with these customers. This is especially important because for your content to be engaging enough, there needs to be interaction with the customers. When someone replies or likes it, your staff should be on hand to follow that with a comment or question.For a successful informal brand ambassador program, your online marketing team has to be on top of things. They should be able to understand your customers. Where possible, they should know the top customers who share about you and understand their preferences.The ability to connect with customers on an emotional level is what guarantees their loyalty.4 REASONS YOUR COMPANY NEEDS A BRAND AMBASSADOR PROGRAMAs much as this is a marketing tool, it is important to ascertain that you actually need it. You most likely have o ther types of marketing strategies working for you.So, is it time for your company to add another one?The below four reasons for having a brand ambassador program will help you answer this question. If any of the situations describes your company, then you should consider having a brand ambassador program.If two or more of them tell of the situation your company is in, then you definitely need to go for it.You need to manage your online reputationOnline reputation is valuable for any person as well as company. At the same time, it is highly volatile due to the many comments and discussions which happen on the internet. The worst thing that could happen is for your company to be facing negative reviews without your knowledge.Watch the below video for more information about negative business reviews and what you can do about them. There are some tools available to help you monitor your brand’s reputation online. Some are discussed here while others are here. All the same, monitoring alone won’t help much. You need to be able to mitigate negative publicity.If something really bad is said about your brand, then your PR team may not be in a position to sort it out. And this is where your brand ambassador comes in.Since they are well known and highly respected, all you may need is a few positive comments to negate the bad report. Someone with a high authority can easily overturn the negative comments on a forum or blog and make it seem that you were unfairly targeted.It gets better if this person has already influenced some of his friends and they have had a good experience with your brand. If this is on social media and your brand ambassador shares it, his friends will quickly pick on it.In no time, your critics will either be silenced or they will have to tone down the attack because they most likely don’t have the kind of authority your brand ambassador has.Such situations are common in industries where the competition is so stiff that underhand tactics are used to gain an upper hand.It may also happen in cases where a genuine mistake was done in your company and now it is being talked about online.You need cost-effective marketing with high returnsBrand ambassadors are very efficient marketing and sales people. When you get oneâ€"a good oneâ€"you are guaranteed to have many new customers. The responsibility on your side now becomes to ensure that those new customers experience what was promised.That, plus the constant marketing voice of your brand ambassador, will result in loyalty.By their very nature, brand ambassadors don’t come cheap. Especially those in the requirement-driven programs. If this is the case, then how is it cost-effective?The below three ways make this cheaper than other options.1. It is easier to manage one personYour brand ambassador works as per the agreement with you. This agreement details everything he needs to do and what he gets from you in return.This is way easier compared to when you have to deal with different agreements for sales people, merchandisers, extra PR staff etc.2. He does the jobs of several peopleThis is where most efficiency comes in. Your brand ambassador is an authority and so whatever he says, is accepted. If there is a negative review on a website, he deals with it.At that point, he has done the job of your PR staff. Mind you his comments as an outsider and influencer are stronger than those of your staff.When he speaks to his network and advocates for your products, he works as a sales person. Note that his sales pitch is not a mere broadcast which is more of a hit or miss mission. Being an influencer guarantees results.When you tell him about your promotional event, he just needs to mention it and there will be people coming. If he attends the event himself, then your advertising costs are further reduced.3. Increased revenues are guaranteedAny good brand ambassador will guarantee increased sales. Just their word of mouth is enough to do it. When they speak ab out your brand severally, then the stream of customers can only grow longer.This is due to the amount of influence they have over their networks. To a good extent, it also depends on your agreement with them and how much you make them like your company. This is in spite of the benefits they get from you.If you manage to make them love your brand, then they will put in some natural passion into advocating for it. They will gladly wear shirts branded with your company name, show up at your events without notice and go out of their way to do more.Something like attending your events unannounced makes a big statement when they post a picture of it online. The people following them will understand that to mean that they can meet your brand ambassador at your events.This makes them want to stay tuned to news about your events so they can attend.If you are thinking of the Return on Investment, then brand ambassadors cannot disappoint. What you just need to do is get two things right: your target market and your brand ambassador.You need to build trust for your brandBuilding trust is never an easy thing. And if your company is relatively small in comparison to the competition, it may be more difficult. Fortunately, although there are things you can do, brand ambassadors can make it easier for you. It all comes down to who says what about your brand.Watch the below video to understand how trust is important and why customers prefer brands they trust. Your company may be a startup or one established but not growing. And if you are overshadowed by the competition, doing business becomes a real struggle. Your brand ambassador therefore comes in to help you level the field a little bit.With their influence, a positive mention will go a long way in building your brand’s trust. Soon enough, you may have a strong brand with your products attracting more customers.After analyzing the market and discussing some strategies, he will embark on the journey of building trust for y our brand. When your brand is trusted, it becomes easier to grow. Other marketing strategies also start paying off because trust is the foundation of everything.One way of going about it is by giving him samples of your product so he experiences them. You probably will have to give him many samples for him to share with friends. By the time he is talking about your brand and his friends attest to what he says, you will notice the difference.How do you know if your brand is gaining trust? You can use any of the following simple ways:Monitor your salesIncreased sales are one of the surest ways to know something good is happening. When there is consistency in purchasing your products, you know that customers trust your brand to deliver what it says it will.If your company has a loyalty program, you can analyze the details of the purchases being made. You will notice more quantities being bought by the same customers while new customers are buying too.Check the conversations about your brandSocial media will be the best place for this. Instead of customers just “liking” and “sharing” your posts, they will start commenting about them. This will generate conversations which express loyalty. This creates an opportunity to offer customer service on social media.If you use tools which help you monitor where and how your brand is mentioned, you will see that these customers are taking the conversations to other platforms too.In due time, these customers will become part of your informal brand ambassador program.Check your customer feedbackYour customer care staff should also be able to notice a difference in the feedback they receive. When customers trust your brand, their language changes. Even if they are reporting a complaint, they will still be gentle about it.This is because they have developed a love for your brand. It is similar to what happens when you correct a friend you love. You want to help him become better while being careful not to hurt his feeli ngs.You need direct feedback from your customersWhen it comes to getting feedback about your brand, your own social accounts and website won’t do it all. You need to engage other parties too, like a brand ambassador.This is because there are many customers who do not visit your website, neither have they liked your Facebook page. In short, they don’t directly interact with you.These customers however, talk about the parts of their lives which touch on your product in other social settings. It may be on a Facebook page for people with similar interests. It may be on their personal social accounts or at a social event. You may not know it, but your customers are talking about you.When you however work with a brand ambassador, you start cutting down on the amount of “unknown aspects” affecting your brand. Being someone with a huge following, your brand ambassador can get this important feedback by just asking a simple indirect question.For example, on his social account, he may ask what people think about the industry you are in. He doesn’t even need to mention your company. But from the feedback he receives, he will know where your company stands as far as the public opinion is concerned.When you have this information, you can then be better prepared to handle any situation.CONCLUSIONWith the knowledge of situations which need a brand ambassador’s input, you can easily make the decision as to whether you currently need one. Upon deciding that your company should run a brand ambassador program, then the next thing would be to figure out which type is best for your situation.As long as you make the right choices, you can be sure that brand ambassador programs will not disappoint.

Socrates Essay - 1596 Words

Socrates believes that the everyday world is an illusion compared to the world of knowledge. People are often too distracted by money and materialistic things to appreciate truth and reality. Socrates says, â€Å"the capacity for knowledge is innate in each man’s mind.† This exemplifies the point that man has the ability to look into the world of truth, but when one is caught up in superficiality then truth does not receive the attention and glory that it should. This is why Socrates feels that the arts, such as poetry, should be censored; it would help decrease the digression of society’s intellect. In today’s world television and movies are complications that only hinder the thought processes in society.When people are consumed in the†¦show more content†¦Since the material world is simply an illusion of the world of knowledge, then television and movies are an illusion of this illusion. One cannot look to these for the answers, or even try to relate it to their own life. It is not real and should not be looked upon as truth. Although movies are an exaggeration of real life, it is not an exaggeration of â€Å"the good† but rather, of the emptiness and shallowness of life.The allegory of the cave illustrates the difference between the materialistic world and the intelligible world. Socrates describes a man with his arms and legs chained, and his neck in a brace, which only allows him to look at a wall with shadows. This is a metaphor for the man who does not transcend to the world of enlightenment. They can only see shadows of what is real and true. Man memorizes these shadows and thinks that he is intelligent; however, truth lies beneath the depths of the everyday world, but can only be established when the layers of immateriality are torn away. Another aspect of the cave is the idea that if man escapes the cave and sees the light he is no longer able to see the shadows that he used to see. This would cause him to believe that the shadows were truer than the light; hence, the illusion of reality would be real to the man, rather than truth. This creates discordance because man will not be able to understand truth and that which is incontestable. The cave also symbolizes the idea thatShow MoreRelatedSocrates : The Suicide Of Socrates1405 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates was born in 470 BCE in Athens, Greece. His father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor and stone mason from Athens and his mother was a midwife by the name of Phaenarete (30 Interesting Socrates Facts 2014). Socrates original profession was masonry and sculpting, before becoming a philosopher. On a day in 399 BC, Socrates ( roughly 71 years at the time) went to trial.Now why would anyone want to send an old man to court? 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Italian Verbs Conjugated Radersi

Leadership in a Global Environment Free Essays

Management vs. Leadership Management Leadership – Vision strategy – Keeping an eye on the horizon – Creating shared values – Helping others grow – Reducing boundaries – Focusing on people – Based on personal power – Acting as a coach – Emotional connections – Open mind – Listening – Nonconformity – Insight into self – Creates change and a culture of integrity Source: Daft (2008), p. 15 Leadership Direction: Planning budgeting – Keeping an eye on the bottom line – Organizing staffing – Directing controlling – Creating boundaries – Focusing on products – Based on position power – Acting as boss – Emotional distance – Expert mind – Talking – Conformity – Insight into organization Alignment: Relationships: Personal Qualities: Outcomes: – Maintains stability – Creates culture of efficiency De finition of culture Internet in Leadership Germany Members of a group or a society sharing a distinct way of life with common values, attitudes and behaviors that are transmitted over time in a gradual, yet dynamic process. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership in a Global Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Source: Harris, J. E. / Moran, R. T. (1979). International Context Culture Bbehavior Values Attitudes Source: Adler (2002) p. 17. Values – attitudes – behavior Internet in Leadership Germany Values = explicit or implicit desirable to an individual or group = influences the selection from available modes, mearns and ends of action International Context = can be both consciously and unconsciously Attitudes = expresses values and disposes a person to act or react in a certain way to something Bbehavior = any form of human action Source: Adler ( 2002), p. 18. Linking values to behavior Internet in Leadership Germany Bbehavior Value Sample Countries/Areas China/Thailand Australia/United States 1 2 Use of understatement Asking people to call you by your first name Taking off from work to attend the funeral of an aunt Not helping the person next to you on an exam Disagreeing openly with someone at a meeting Not laying off an older worker whose performance is weak H Indirectness F Informality Centrality of family Self-reliance 3 B Venezuela/Korea International Context 4 5 6 I Switzerland/Canada Germany/England A Directness E Respect for age Japan/Pakistan 7 At a meeting agreeing with a suggestion you think is wrong D Saving face Asia generally 8 Inviting the teaboy to eat lunch with you in your office J Egalitarianism Cambodia/Vietnam 9 Asking the headmaster’s opinion about something you’re an expert on G Defence to authority India/Brazil 10 Accepting, without question that something can’t be changed C External Control Saudi Arabia/Turkey Source: www. uop. edu/sis/culture. Culture: The hidden dimension Culture has observable aspects and suspected, imagined, or intuited. Internet in Leadership Germany Holiday customs Facial expressions Paintings Food Music Eating habits Literature Concept of personal space Work ethic Gestures International Context Rules of social etiquete Religious beliefs Concept of beauty Childraising beliefs Importance of time Values Concept of leadership Concept of fairness Concept of self General world view Nature of friendship Source: www. uop. edu/sis/culture. Cultural dimensions by Hofstede Internet in Leadership Germany – based on the first and most detailed cross-cultural research study – national culture explained more of the differences in work-related values and attitudes than did position, profession, age or gender International Context 1. Power distance . Individualism 3. Masculinity 4. Uncertainty avoidance 5. Long term orientation Source: www. geert-hofstede. com. Power distance Internet in Leadership Germany 1. Power distance = degree of equality, or inequality, between people in the country’s society. International Context High Power Distance – Core value: respect for status – Core distinction: powerful/dependant – Key element: centralization Low Power Distance – Core value: people‘s equality – Core distinction: whether or not responsible for a certain task – Key element: decentralization Individualism 2. How to cite Leadership in a Global Environment, Papers

Smart Phone free essay sample

It has been said that a smartphone is â€Å"a microcomputer in your hand. † Discuss the security implications of this statement.? gt;Just a couple of years ago the biggest software concern we had about our cellphone was whether or not it could play Snakes. Today, smartphones have become a popular target among hackers and malware producers. It is a high-reward business because most people are unaware that their cellphone is just as vulnerable to cyber attacks as their desktop computer. Think about all of the things that you do on your cellphone, and then imagine a worst case scenario we can keep our cellphones, and our data, safe. gt;The most obvious threat to the security of our smartphones is simply for the device to falls into the wrong hands. As silly as this sound, most cases of smartphone data theft begins with a lost or stolen phone. The first line of defense is common sense. Dont put your phone down in a public place, and dont leave it where it is easily grabbed. In short, treat your phone as you would your wallet. In case your phone does get snatched by a passing evildoer, the next step is to make sure that you have a secure screen lock. For Blackberry, iOS and Windows phones use a secure password. Something thats easily remembered, but not easily guessed. If it includes personal information such as your name, birthday or address it is not safe. For Android users, make sure that your unlock pattern is relatively complex and crosses over itself. If not, somebody can deduce your pattern from the repeated smudge marks on your screen. gt;As with every computer, a good password alone is not enough to protect us. If our phone does get lost or stolen there is a line of software that will help you recover it, or wipe the data if you are unable to do so. The first step is a piece of software that will lock your phone down. This software will turn off the phones screen and disable it, preventing an attacker from being able to easily access your information through the phones operating system. Most of these programs will also be able to lock down the phones communication ports stopping people from simply plugging your phone into a computer and downloading the information that way. The next piece of software will turn on the GPS on your phone and lock it on. This way, as long as your phone has a battery with some life in it your hone will continuously broadcast its location. This can be a huge help in a situation where you have simply lost your phone. Activate this feature and your phone will pop up on a map making it a simple matter to locate it. In the case of a theft, you can provide the location to the police department, gt; Vastly increasing the odds of recovering your phone. The last ditch effort in the case of a lost or stolen ph one is software that will completely wipe the memory. This is useful when other means of recovery have failed, and you have given up on hopes of recovering your phone. This software will remove all traces of personal information. In addition to the threat of losing physical control of your phone, there is the threat of malware. Smartphone malware is similar to the viruses and Trojans found on your home computers. Recently, Google had to remove 50 apps from their app store that they found to be malicious. These apps had already been downloaded to thousands of phones apiece. Apple and Amazon have also experienced malicious apps infiltrating their app stores. People get a false sense of security downloading programs from these large companies. gt;They assume that these corporations have already weeded out all of the bad apples, and only post the good. While this is certainly the goal, it is impossible to be 100% certain 100% of the time. Oftentimes, a software programmers account will get hacked. The culprit will take down their legitimate app and replace it with a copy that contains malicious code. This is usually discovered within hours, but by then the app has already been distributed to enough people to make the attack worthwhile. Another attack that has become popular is one in which a developer submits a legitimate program in order to get it approved for the app store. gt;Once the app has been approved and downloaded by a sufficient number of people, the developer releases an update which contains malicious code. These attacks are much harder to control, as the updates will go out immediately to every person that has downloaded the app. For these attacks you need a good anti-malware program running on your phone. Most of the major players in the PC malware game have mobile security suites as well. Familiar names such as AVG, A vast, Avira, Kaspersky, Norton, and McAfee all have mobile suites. Most of these suites include all of the protections that were mentioned earlier. However, the interface can vary greatly from provider to provider. Some will allow you to engage and interact with the anti-theft features via text messages to your phone, while others will use an internet browser. Some suites will be free and others will have to be paid for. You will still have to do your homework to determine which security suite will best fulfill your needs. Hopefully Ive armed you today with the information youll need to make an informed decision. As always, if you are still unsure whether or not youre phone is safe consult a professional for their opinion. 2. What people, organization, and technology factors must be addressed by smartphone security? Most organizations will find that they do indeed have a need for mobile security, and could use guidance on the most effective best practices. These include: †¢ Force encryption of data at rest on mobile devices Force secure connectivity on unsecured public networks †¢ Confirm unauthorized mobile devices do not have access to corporate LAN †¢ Confirm mobile user spending is in line with the mobile policy and additional costs can be recovered †¢ Over-the-air decommissioning (remote bricking) of lost or stolen devices to help prevent access to the data †¢ Authentication: set the device to auto-lock; set limit for unauthorized login attempts. Keep device out of sight when not worn †¢ Handheld devices should be enterprise property Before an employee departs, obtain device and remove corporate data †¢ Have a clear policy on remote data deletion and do not hesitate to execute it †¢ Classify data according to the sensitivity of the data carried †¢ Only permit digitally signed applications †¢ Be agile—quickly and flexibly adapt to changing mobile landscape Most organizations will find that they could use help in addressing the complexities of mobile device and application security. As mobile device processing power is increasing, more sophisticated security controls can lso be applied, and it’s important to work with a provider who has a comprehensive understanding of all of the issues. A qualified provider should have expertise across three key dimensions—business, operations, and technology—because they combine to control the costs, and strengthen the security of the devic e, information and your overall organization. The provider should offer solutions that leverage existing assets, personnel, and technologies, and should provide coverage across the entire project lifecycle, including consulting services and managed security services. In order to help organizations secure their mobile applications and the underlying supporting infrastructure, a provider should have wide and deep experience with all aspects of security. For example, they need to understand that applications function more like native apps rather than utilizing a standard browser and that mobile apps are not restricted to using standard HTTP/HTTPS. They must also have access to many security testing resources, as fragmentation in hardware, operating systems, applications, and operators can present challenges. For example, there are multiple versions of the same applications for disparate mobile operating systems. In addition, there are countless mobile devices, and the supported technologies (communication, access control, storage, etc. ) vary by manufacturer and OS (Symbian, Oracle J2ME, Qualcomm BREW, iPhone, Windows Mobile, Window Phone 7, webOS, and Android). TECHNOLGY ON SMART PHONE SECURITY: Findings of two recent examinations of mobile devices highlight how designers of smartphones and tablet PCs failed to fully account for security and privacy implications. Today’s smartphones and tablet devices perform the same functions as a PC, says Dan Hoffman, chief of mobile security at Juniper Networks. â€Å"However, the vast majority of devices lack security software and mistakenly relies upon the operating system to keep people safe. In one study, security firm Cryptography Research showed how its possible to eavesdrop on any smartphone or tablet PC as it is being used to make a purchase, conduct online banking or access a companys virtual private network. The process used to encrypt data can be deciphered, enabling a criminal to use them to access a financial account or a company etwork, says Benjamin Jun, Cryptography Researchs chief technology officer. These type of attacks do not require the device to be modified, and there is usually no observable sign that an attack is in progress, Jun says. Cryptography Research is working with one of the major smartphone. And tablet companies right now to put countermeasures in, Jun says. No known actual attacks have occurred, he says. In another demonstration, researchers at security firm McAfee, a division of chipmaker Intel, highlighted several ways to remotely hack into Apple iOS, the operating system for iPads and iPhones. . What problems do smartphone security weaknesses cause for businesses? We are all so mobile these days. And its so cool that we can take our business with us in our back pocket. But there’s a problem with that too. It’s easy to forget how much sensitive da ta our phones have access to. Losing it could put your business at a huge risk. In a news release from Deluxe Corporation, they said nearly 40 million Americans currently access bank accounts and financial records through mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, according to Consumer Reports. But, unlike most computers and laptops, mobile devices rarely feature security software. Recognizing this weakness, hackers are increasingly preying on small business owners, accessing mobile devices to steal sensitive data and commit acts of fraud. -gt;With smart phones users can search the internet, make phone calls, listen to music, have navigation, and download applications from their Smartphone’s application market. When a user downloads an application onto his or her phone they are at risk from adware privacy. Most users to include myself did not believe that Smartphone’s were not at risk from privacy risks and viruses. -gt;Android marketplace applications for malware, a weakness in the program allows for potential hackers to covertly update apps that have passed Bouncer security, so they can then load malicious websites or view files on the targeted smartphone. Through this method hackers could ostensibly take full control of the users phonean end result that could be potentially devastating for a business if the phone contains sensitive information. While identity theft through mobile devices is becoming more common, these devices are equipped with security features to help users to protect themselves – but it’s up to you to activate them. Here 1) Turn on password protection and auto-lock feature on all smart phone, tablet and laptop devices. If your phone is lost or stolen, this is an extra measure to protect your information. By password protecting your device and activating an auto-lock feature, users can control the number of password attempts before the device locks itself. 2) Enable remote tracking and wiping capabilities. Remote tracking allows users to physically track the location of the phone, while remote wiping allows you to clear all data if your phone goes missing. 3 )Expect the best, plan for the worst. While there are extra precautions that can reduce the likelihood that you or your business might become a victim of fraud, there is no failsafe. Dealing with the effects of fraud and identity theft can cause massive disruptions to your business. Put plans in place so that if you become a victim, you can resume business as quickly as possible. . What steps can individuals and businesses take to make their smartphones more secure? Setting Up A PIN and/or A Password Protection: The easiest way that you can instantly instill an â€Å"Iron Clad† smartphone security protection protocol is by creating an uncrackable PIN or a secure password that anyone who uses the smartphone needs to unlock. This is usually located and accessible on the mobile devices â€Å"Settings† tab, this depending on the smartphone model and OS platform. The only option that you may have is creating a secure PIN number. Setting a password is generally considered to be a lot more secure however. If your smartphone is equipped with Google’s Android OS version 2. 2 or later, then you’re also able to set a swipe pattern as well on these devices, this to unlock the smart phone. What you do is configure Remote Find and then Data Wipe. If you unfortunately happen to lose your smartphone, or if it’s stolen, the remote find and data wipe app will allow you to remotely locate the devices location and then erase all of the information that’s stored on it. It’s also advised that you back up this data on a regular basis as well. So this way, whoever happens to get access to your mobile won’t be able to access it. What this involves is initially installing the app on the device and then creating an online account from where you’re able to track the smartphones exact location once you’ve is placed it. Then you can completely wipe its contents as a last resort if you need to. Warning On Attachments As Well As QR Codes: This is similar to the approach that you most likely are taking when opening any unfamiliar email attachments that you receive from unknown senders on your desktop computer. You should be taking extra precaution while on your smartphone when clicking on or opening any links and files from someone you don’t know . Otherwise, you could potentially and unknowingly be installing a virus that some unsavory individual has embedded into an attachment designed to steal your data, track your movements, access all of your contacts, and everything else in between. This also applies to scanning any QR Codes (Quick Response) as well, where hackers are now able to easily infect your device with malware by you clicking on one of these square codes. Make sure that you always practice extreme due diligence, especially as these devices are a lot more portable and vulnerable. Always Update Your Smartphone Software: Installing security as well as OS updates as they become available are always recommended, as they will often contain updated â€Å"fixes† for any security flaws and vulnerabilities. Also make sure that you backup the device regularly, this includes all of your contacts and stored data. So in the event that you ever lose it, you can replace or reinstall that information on the new phone. Make sure that you download applications directly from the official App stores and no where else. Always look for reviews as well as ratings and complaints before you download an app. Always make sure that you keep them updated after they’re installed as well. Wi-Fi Security: Always disable any automatic wireless connections on your device, especially if you routinely use free Wi-Fi networks, or if you have a habit of leaving your Wi-Fi connection on. Turning off the devices automatic Wi-Fi connection settings will reduce the risk of hackers who may have created a public Wi-Fi network, designed just to steal personal data that’s traveling over it. For the same reasons, always turn off your Bluetooth as well when it’s not in use. Always make sure that you keep your smartphone on your person or visible where you can always see it. The best and easiest practice when it comes to smartphone security is to know exactly where it is at all times. When you consider all of the valuable personal as well as the sensitive business data that’s on it, it’s a good idea to know where your smartphone is at all times.